Well, after all of the interesting things I learned about cells yesterday, I figured I'd learn about genetics. "Where would one find genes retired from the human genetic pool? In an old folks genome."
DNA RNA
-Deoxyribonucleic acid -Ribonucleic acid
-Storage of genetic info -Transfers genes to ribosomes
-Packed in nucleus, helix form. -Strands made and recycled.
-Adenine, guanine, thymine, -Adenine, guanine, cytosine,
cytosine Uracil
-Self-replicating -Synthesized from DNA
DNA's role in genetic inheritance: DNA contains all of the genetic information an organism gets from his/her mother and father (50/50). The phenotypes are displayed as physical traits and the genotypes are whether a trait is dominant or recessive.
The process of meiosis is not extremely complicated. There are 2 cycles that each have steps:
Meiosis 1:
- Prophase: Chromosomes pair up and then split into chromatids. Crossing over is able to happen.
- Metaphase: Chromosomes line up in the middle.
- Anaphase: Chromosomes move to opposite poles.
- Telophase: New nuclei forms at the end of each pole.
Meiosis 2:
- Prophase 2: Nuclear membrane vanishes and crossing over occurs.
- Metaphase 2: Chromatids line at equator
- Anaphase 2: Line at poles.
- Telophase 2: 4 new haploid gametes appear. (creates a zygote)
Mutations affect organisms in many different ways. They can affect organisms by disease, like cystic fibrosis. They can also be beneficial, like malaria resistant. Mutations occur by way of substitution, frameshift, insertion, and deletion.
2 types of DNA technology used in society:
- Taxol: Ovarian cancer treatment.
- Interferon: Cancer treatment.
Bibliography:
"DNA vs. RNA." Diffen. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. <http://www.diffen.com/difference/DNA_vs_RNA>.
"Genetics Jokes." Genetics Jokes. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. <http://web.pdx.edu/~newmanl/GeneticsJokes.html>.
"Meiosis - The Genetics of Reproduction." Biology Online. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. <http://www.biology-online.org/2/1_meiosis.htm>.
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