Cells - 4/21/14
1.So today I was wondering what the types of cells are and how they're alike and different. I did some research, and here's what I found: 
~Eukaryotic Cells: A cell that has organelles including a nucleus, contained in a plasma membrane.

1. Has a nucleus
2. More than 1 chromosome
3. Large Ribosomes
4. Has Plasma Membrane
5. Large Cell Size
6. Multicellular
7. Selectively Permeable

~Prokaryotic Cells: The smallest kind of cell, that doesn't contain a nucleus.

1. No Nucleus
2. No Organelles
3. Unicellular
4. Small Ribosomes
5. Not Permeable
6. Chemical cell wall
7. Small Cell Size

Similarities

1. Vesicles
2. Vacuoles
3. Cytoplasm
4. DNA
5. Protein
6. RNA

~Plant Cells: A eukaryotic cell, that is the smallest part of a plant.

1. Cell Wall
2. Large Central Vacuole
3. Chloroplasts
4. Plants go through Photosynthesis
5. Usually rectangle in shape
6. Membrane-bound Nucleus
7. Plastids

~Animal Cells: Eukaryotic cells, that are found in animals.

1. Irregular shape
2. One or more vacuoles
3. Centrioles
4. No cell wall
5. Cilia
6. Lysosomes

Similarities:

1. Cytoplasm
2. Endoplasmic Reticulum
3. Nucleus
4. Ribosomes
5. Mitochondria

Differences:

1. In a plant cell, a cell wall is present. In an animal, it's absent.
2. Animal cells are round, and plant cells are rectangular.
3. Animal cells don't have chloroplasts.
4. Plant cells have one large vacuole, animal cells have many.
5. Plant cells have plastids.

The Function of Organelles:

• Nucleus: The brain
• Golgi Bodies: Packagers
• Cell wall & membranes: Support & protect (doors of the cell)
• Nuclear Membrane: Door to the nucleus.
• Cytoplasm: Jelly-like material that protects organelles.
• ER: Transportation system
• Ribosomes: Protein makers
• Mitochondria: Site for cellular respiration and creates energy.
• Vacuoles: Store food
• Lysosomes: Stomachs
• Chloroplast: (in plants) used for photosynthesis
• Cilia & Flagellum: Movement

Homeostasis: Form of Passive Transport involving the plasma membrane.

Enzymes are made of proteins and are used to speed up or slow down chemical reactions. They are created in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Enzymes can be used to digest food. 

4 Macromolecules:

• Lipids are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Their monomers are fatty acids and glycerol.
• Proteins are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. Amino acids are their monomers.
• Nucleic acids are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphate, and nitrogen. Their monomers are nucleic acids. 
• Carbohydrates are carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Their monomers are monosaccharides. 

Bibliography:
"Plant Cell vs. Animal Cell." Diffen. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 May 2014. <http://www.diffen.com/difference/Animal_Cell_vs_Plant_Cell>.